The invention discloses a node access and node authentication method based on edge computing. The access method comprises the following steps: receiving an authentication master key and a public parameter sent by a key generation server; Sending identity identification information to the main edge computing node and the key generation server; Receiving part of private key information generated bythe key generation server according to the authentication master key, the public parameters and the identity information; Calculating a first public and private key according to the public parameter,the identity identification information and part of private key information, and sending the first public and private key to the main edge computing node; And receiving a secret share signed by the main edge computing node according to the first public and private key, and taking the secret share as a certificate of access authentication. The access method solves the technical problem that user data and privacy are threatened due to the fact that edge equipment lacks identity authentication service in the prior art, meanwhile, the secret share of the generated signature is generated, the reliability of the secret share in the transmission process is guaranteed, and the safety and reliability of a whole edge computing system are enhanced.