The invention discloses telescopic document binding equipment based on vertical positioning. The telescopic document binding equipment comprises a panel, the upper surface of a first end of the panelis provided with a groove guide rail parallel to a paper binding line, the groove guide rail is slidably provided with a plurality of binding devices, the bottoms of the binding devices are provided with bottom studs used for sliding on the groove guide rail front and back, and the way side of the groove guide rail is equidistantly provided with a plurality of position-limiting grooves used for positioning the bottom studs, the upper surface of a second end of the panel is slidably provided with a page edge alignment device, the page edge alignment device comprises an edge alignment horizontalrod across the upper portion of the panel, and the two ends of the edge alignment horizontal rod are provided with edge jacking devices used for slidably fixing the edge alignment horizontal rod fromthe two sides of the panel. According to the telescopic document binding equipment based on the vertical positioning, binding page edges are aligned utilizing the page edge alignment device, the binding efficiency and the attractiveness degree are improved, the groove guide rail is provided with the multiple binding devices with adjustable distances, furthermore, the binding devices can be fixedinside the position-limiting grooves in several common binding positions, and the distances between the binding positions can be adjusted flexibly.