The invention relates to a plant fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, which is characterized in that the composite material is composed of a reinforcing body and a resin matrix, wherein the reinforcing body comprises nano cellulose crystal, carbon nanotubes and continuous plant fiber, and the nano cellulose crystal and the carbon nanotubes are attached to the surface of the continuousplant fiber. The reinforcing body of the composite material is a compound body of the cellulose crystal, the carbon nanotubes and the continuous vegetable fiber. The reinforcing body has two scales of nanometer and decimeter. The prepared composite material is a two-scale reinforced composite material. The patent provides a technical approach for the high performance of continuous plant fiber reinforced resin matrix composites.