The invention discloses a distribution network distributed flexible voltage regulation topological structure based on a novel direct AC-AC converter. The distribution network distributed type flexiblevoltage regulation topological structure comprises a power frequency double-split transformer, double-voltage reduction/voltage boost type AC-AC converter modules, L and C filters, and a bypass switch S, wherein the double-split transformer is connected with a single phase of the distribution network in parallel and provides an input voltage for the two double-voltage reduction/voltage boost typeAC-AC converter modules; and the double-voltage reduction/voltage boost type AC-AC converter modules are coupled with the power frequency double-split transformer in a serial connection mode, so thatthe single-stage power conversion of the bipolar voltage AC to AC is realized. In addition, due to the adoption of the double-voltage reduction/voltage boost type AC-AC converter modules, a bidirectional switch does not need to be adopted, and the problem of current conversion of the traditional AC-AC converter is solved. The L and C filters are used for filtering off high-frequency harmonic components generated by the double-voltage reduction/voltage boost type AC-AC converter modules, so that the quality of the output voltage is guaranteed.