The invention discloses a method for rapidly identifying age liquor through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The chemical impedance spectroscopy represents impedance characteristics of liquor colloid of the age liquor. The method comprises the following steps of firstly, adopting high-frequency-band impedance measurement for 2 to 3 minutes; secondly, simulating an equivalent circuit throughimpedance spectrums of the age liquor, and carrying out dimensionality reduction treatment on impedance factors in the equivalent circuit by utilizing principal component analysis; and lastly, identifying the age liquor according to different impedance behaviors of colloid particles in different age liquor on the surface of a graphene electrode. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy disclosed by the invention is a rapid, economic and lossless method for identifying the age liquor, the defects of an existing method can be made up, the difference between the age liquor is not judged by several characteristic values, but the difference is comprehensively judged, and a foundation is laid for developing detection equipment or industrial on-line monitoring equipment for distinguishing thedifferent age liquor.