The invention discloses an adjustable positioning liver and gallbladder drainage device, and belongs to the technical field of medicine. The device comprises a base, the top of the base is fixedly provided with a medical pump, and the top of the base is detachably provided with a collecting box; an air pressure detection meter is fixedly arranged at the top of the collecting box, an air pump communication hole is fixedly formed in the inner wall of the collecting box, and a pressure limiting device is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the collecting box; a collecting pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the collecting box, the outer wall of the collecting pipe is connected with a hose through a quick clamping device, and scale lines are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the hose. Damage to a patient due to overlarge negative pressure is avoided, pressure control is facilitated, a doctor can conveniently control the insertion depth, and the overall cleaning is facilitated.