The invention belongs to the technical field of sensing and measurement and control and provides a six-dimensional vector force/ torque loading device for simulating the working state of an engine. The device comprises a device base, a dustproof housing, a piezoelectric dynamometer, an adapter plate, a force body, a side guide rod, a lifting screw, a support column, a side base plate, a side loading hydraulic cylinder, a side standard force sensor, a side loading head, a main loading head, an upper cover plate, a thrust bearing, an outer hexagon nut, a main adapter flange and a main loading hydraulic cylinder. The loading device can realize large-range-ratio vector force loading; by adjusting different heights of loading positions of the side loading hydraulic cylinder in the Z direction,research on the controllable six-dimensional force calibration method of the variable loading position can be realized; through combination of the side loading hydraulic cylinder and the main loadinghydraulic cylinder, multidimensional vector force combined loading can be realized; and the six-dimensional vector force/ torque loading device is used for simulating six-dimensional vector force/ torque generated by different types of rocket engines under the working state, and has important research significance for performance evaluation of the thrust vector test device.