The invention provides a power distribution network feeder automation terminal configuration method and device. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, generating a plurality of feeder automation terminal configuration schemes for switch equipment or ring network units of a known power distribution network according to a preset terminal configuration function and a pheromone concentration matrix; respectively calculating the power supply reliability of the plurality of feeder automation terminal configuration schemes; calculating the total investment cost and the objective functionvalue, updating the pheromone concentration matrix from the local optimal solution, carrying out loop iteration in this way, and finally carrying out convergence on the global optimal solution, so that a feeder automation terminal configuration scheme enabling the objective function value to be minimum is obtained, the power supply reliability and the economic cost of the power distribution network are comprehensively considered, and the effect of finding the optimal solution is achieved.