The invention discloses a method for carrying out image enhancement optimization through serial fusion of a fruit fly algorithm and a rhododendron search algorithm. The method comprises steps of initializing drosophila population locations, and giving out the random direction and distance for searching the food by the fruit fly individuals through olfaction; firstly, calculating the distance between a fruit fly individual and an original point; calculating a taste concentration determination value; substituting a taste concentration determination function to obtain the taste concentration of the individual position of the fruit fly; solving fruit flies with the highest flavor concentration; Setting evolutionary computation termination conditions, judging whether the optimal fitness meets atermination condition or not; and if yes, outputting the individual position with the optimal fitness, if not, performing a rhododendron search algorithm on all the individuals which do not meet thetermination condition in the group to generate a new group position, and continuously returning the generated new group position to the cyclic operation until the termination condition of the evolution calculation is met, and outputting the position with the optimal fitness. According to the method, the optimization efficiency and the optimization effect of the algorithm are improved, and the method is a fusion algorithm with practical application value.