The invention relates to a high-precision composite material impact positioning algorithm based on fiber bragg grating (FBG) sensing, and belongs to the technical field of structural health detectionof composite materials. The method comprises the following steps: S1, embedding and curing a FBG sensor into a composite material, and carrying out an impact experiment on divided regions of the composite material, to obtain impact strain sample data of each region; S2, extracting impact force from the sample data, and detecting strain; S3, removing background noise from the impact force and the detection strain through a wavelet packet denoising reconstruction module, reserving a sensitive frequency band, and reducing the frequency spectrum bandwidth of the signal; and S4, after signal reconstruction, carrying out FFT fast Fourier transform and the like. According to the high-precision composite material impact positioning algorithm based on FBG sensing, correlation analysis is carried out through the sample data, a novel composite material impact positioning algorithm based on FBG sensing is provided in combination with a frequency conversion domain response system optimization algorithm, and the positioning precision and the calculation efficiency are high.