The invention relates to a rapid detection system for the industrial wastewater quality. The rapid detection system comprises a detection box body and a power and signal conversion processing device.The left and right sides of the detection box body are respectively provided with a through circular hole. The two through circular holes are oppositely arranged, and light-transmitting glass is sealed and connected outside the two through circular holes respectively. An oil and dirt removing device, a lifting motor for driving the oil and dirt removing device to rise and fall and a rotary motor for driving the oil and dirt removing device to rotate are arranged on the upper part of the inside of the detection box body. When the wastewater is detected, the oil and dirt removing device is arranged above the through circular holes. The oil and dirt removing device comprises a housing which is provided with multiple mesh holes with uniform diameter, multiple particles which can generate negative ions in rotation are arranged inside the housing, and the diameter of the particles is greater than the diameter of the mesh holes. The detection system is used so that decomposition of the oily ingredients in the wastewater can be promoted and the environmental pollution can be reduced. Meanwhile, formation of scale and rust in the detection box body can be reduced.