The invention discloses a method for identifying phenolic acid components in green propolis and application thereof. The method comprises steps of ultrasonically extracting a green propolis or green propolis ethanol extract by methanol, filtering the extract through a microporous membrane to obtain an analysis test solution; performing detection by using UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS to determine the phenolicacid components in the green propolis. The invention establishes the identification method of phenolic acid components in green propolis for the first time. The sample is ultrasonically extracted by methanol, and is detected by an ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry joint method (UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS). A positive and negative ion mode under an ESI ion source can accurately determine the phenolic acid components in the propolis. The method is short in detection time, good in sensitivity and accuracy, good in stability, easy to operate and easy to implement, and provides a newapproach for the quality control of green propolis and green propolis products.