Embodiments of the invention disclose a direct-current distribution network fault protection and restoration system and method. The system comprises at least one power distribution network; the powerdistribution network comprises a full-bridge converter station, a power distribution line, a first load switch, a second load switch and a fault detection device arranged corresponding to the first load switch and the second load switch; the full-bridge converter station is connected with a direct-current bus; the line inlet end of the power distribution line is connected with the direct-current bus through the first load switch, and the line outlet end of the power distribution line is connected with the second load switch; and a main control station controls the load switches to break according to fault information and a zero voltage control signal or a locking signal sent by the full-bridge converter station, and restores power supply by control according to a received first and secondload switch breaking completion signal. According to the direct-current distribution network fault protection and restoration system provided by the embodiment of the invention, a fault area can be rapidly positioned after the direct-current distribution network breaks down, so that rapid removal and isolation of faults can be completed, and system power supply is restored.