The invention belongs to the technical field of injury biomechanics and relates to a skull tensile test piece preparation device and method. The preparation device comprises a fixing device, a leading-out device, a clamping device and an embedding device; a lubricant is applied onto the upper surface of the leading-out device; the embedding device comprises rectangular blocks and stopping sheets;and the leading-out device leads out a prepared skull tensile test piece through a cam mechanism. The preparation method includes the following steps that: a bone strip is taken from the head of a piggy with a manual saw; the bone strip is ground to be a rectangle with a file; a lubricant is applied to the inner surfaces of the rectangular blocks; two ends of the bone strip are arranged in the tworectangular blocks respectively; the two ends of the bone strip are potted with a false tooth base material; and the bone strip of which the two sides are provided with embedding blocks are led out through the leading-out device. According to the skull tensile test piece preparation device and method of the invention, the embedding device of which the inner surfaces are coated with the lubricantis adopted, so that the bone strip with the embedding blocks can be taken out form the rectangular blocks easily; when the obtained skull tensile test piece is adopted to carry out a tensile test, thesuccess rate and data validity of the test can be greatly improved.