The invention relates to the field of lithium batteries, in particular to a solid electrolyte and a lithium battery cell with the solid electrolyte, and a lithium battery. The solid electrolyte comprises at least one inorganic chain polymer with a -BF2-BF2- group as a repetitive unit, and lithium-containing cationic groups are respectively bound to the head and tail chain ends of the inorganic chain polymer. Because of the viscosity and flexibility of a compound containing a B-B bond in the -BF2-BF2- group of the inorganic chain polymer, the solid electrolyte has better interface adhesion andbetter wettability at the interface with an electrode. Furthermore, a stable structure can be formed by using the inorganic polymer framework structure chained by -BF2- bonds in the inorganic chain polymer, so that the electrochemical window of the solid electrolyte can reach more than 5V, and the conductivity of lithium ions can be improved. Based on the structural characteristics, the solid electrolyte can also have higher shear modulus and higher Young's modulus.