The invention discloses a cable installation safety protection structure for a power transmission tower. The structure comprises a transverse plate, a wiring cavity and a rack. A fixed plate is horizontally mounted at the top of the transverse plate; a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel are rotationally mounted at the two ends of the fixed plate correspondingly; the bottoms of the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are rotationally connected with a first motor, and the first motor is fixedly connected with the fixed plate; a vertical rod is longitudinally and rotationally installed at the end, close to the second driving wheel, of the fixed plate; a second driven wheel is horizontally installed at the bottom of the vertical rod, and two first driven wheels are sequentially and horizontally installed at the top of the vertical rod. After the cable is stretched, external ice blocks can be conveniently removed, and the tension of a cable can be increased. In windy weather, the tension of the cable is improved, so the cable can be prevented from being blown and shaken by wind, the safety of the cable is improved, and the cable is prevented from being broken. Ice and snow outside the cable in rainy and snowy days can be timely and comprehensively removed, and the cable can maintain normal work and is not easy to damage.