The invention relates to the technical field of equipment dismounting and mounting, and mainly relates to a dismounting and mounting tool of a shield tunneling machine wheel set. The dismounting and mounting tool of the shield tunneling machine wheel set is provided with a tool bottom; the tool bottom is provided with a tool bottom plate; the upper end surface of the tool bottom plate is providedwith guide rails protruding upwards; the two guide rails are arranged in the length direction of the tool bottom plate; a limiting block is arranged between the two guide rails; the dismounting and mounting tool of the shield tunneling machine wheel set further comprises a left portion support and a right portion support which are used for supporting and positioning left wheels and right wheels ofthe shield tunneling machine wheel set; and the rear side of a limiting plate is further fixedly provided with a top plate support perpendicular to the tool bottom plate. The shield tunneling machinewheel set can be rapidly and efficiently dismounted and mounted with high quality, the mechanization level of the shield tunneling machine overhaul or remanufacturing is improved, and the requirements of the quick, convenient, efficient and economical operations of the shield tunneling machine overhaul or remanufacturing operation are met.