The invention provides a short-circuit current consuming branch switching-off control method and device based on state response. The method provided by the invention comprises steps of generating a short-circuit current consuming branch switching-off instruction when detecting that the on/off state signal of any branch connected to a busbar is in an on state at a first time and detecting that theon/off state signal of any branch is in an off state at a second time in a power system where the short-circuit current is required to be controlled in real time; and removing the short-circuit current consuming branch from the power grid in response to the short-circuit current consuming branch switching-off instruction. The method provided by the invention can timely remove the short-circuit current consuming branch from the power system after the short-circuit fault in the power system is isolated, so that the system can restore to the normal state as soon as possible.