The invention relates to a radioactive source safety management system which comprises a source tank electronic tag, a transport vehicle electronic tag, an electronic tag scanning and binding device,a vehicle information transmission device, a radioactive source dose detection device, a radioactive dose monitoring device and an alarm device. In the application, the real-time radioactive dose information in the transport vehicle is obtained through the radioactive dose monitoring device in the transport vehicle, the monitoring of the radioactive source is completed through the change of the radioactive dose information, and the alarm can be given through the alarm device when the radioactive dose changes greatly.