The invention belongs to the technical field of municipal engineering, and specifically relates to a novel municipal inspection well structure and a construction method. The novel municipal inspectionwell structure composed of a prefabricated pitshaft, a manhole cover, a base course reinforcement layer, a force holding well ring, color steel fiber concrete and the like, wherein the base course reinforcement layer is located on the periphery of the prefabricated pitshaft and at the bottom of a road base course at the same time; and the force holding well ring is inlaid in the road base course,the manhole cover is fixed to the force holding well ring, and the color steel fiber concrete is arranged on the periphery of the manhole cover with the same color as the road surface. According to the novel municipal inspection well structure and the construction method, intensity on the periphery of an inspection well is improved, the construction efficiency, quality and durability of the inspection well are improved, the accuracy of the mounting height of the well ring is realized, and unification of the color on the periphery of the manhole cover and the color of a road surface structureis realized.