The invention provides an experiment device of a pulse jet flow impact rotation wall surface for particle image speed measurement, and a speed measurement method thereof. The experiment device comprises a pulse jet flow system, a rotation wall surface system and a PIV measurement system; the pulse jet flow system comprises a water storage pool, a magnetic pump, a flowmeter, a gate valve, a pulse generator, a connecting hose and a circular copper tube; the rotation wall surface system comprises a frequency changer, a motor, a shaft and a disk; the PIV measurement system comprises a water tank having a square outer part and a circular inner part, a sheet light source, a laser, a CCD camera, a synchronizer and a computer, and the sheet light source, the laser, the synchronizer, the CCD cameraand the computer are connected in sequence; and the experiment device provided by the invention is reasonable in design and convenient to operate, and can comprehensively study the influence law of different Reynolds numbers, impact distances, wall surface rotation speeds and pulse periods on various flow characteristics in a jet flow impact rotation wall surface flow field.