The invention relates to an oil well working condition real-time analysis management system capable of enhancing learning and a management method. The system comprises a front-end device and a rear-end device. The front-end device comprises a Web client side controlled by a management and control person. The rear-end device comprises a tetragonal platform big database used for collecting and storing data, a local intelligent diagnosis workstation used for receiving analysis data, an intelligent analysis neural network used for analysis and diagnosis, and a local diagnosis/alarm database used for storing diagnosis results and feedback information. Real-time analysis and management of oil well working conditions are achieved, and the system can achieve real-time connection-analysis-pushing of an intelligent analysis neural network and an oil well production database, and enables the management system to play a better role, and at the same time, workers can carry out on-site management and control timely according to the diagnosis result, so that feedback of error information is realized, self-learning and optimization of the system are realized, the performance is improved, the working condition diagnosis accuracy is also improved, and huge benefits are brought to oil field production.