The embodiment of the invention provides a data reading and writing method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a reading and writing operation instruction, and determining whether a physical block to be read and written is a bad block or not according to the reading and writing operation instruction; and if it is determined that the physical block is a bad block, performing a read-write operation on a storage space mapped with the physical block on a second electronic device. According to the invention, the storage capacity is prevented from being reduced after bad blocks of the storage equipment exist.