The invention discloses a hinge rod tensioning type high-pressure water cutting performing mechanism. A rack comprises a lifting ring, a rack top plate, guide rods and a rack bottom plate, wherein therack top plate is fixedly connected to the rack bottom plate through four guide rods; the lifting ring is connected to a bolt of the rack top plate; a hydraulic motor drive assembly comprises a microhydraulic motor, a planetary speed reducer, a connecting shaft and a connecting end cover; the micro hydraulic motor and the planetary speed reducer are connected through the connecting shaft and theconnecting end cover; the planetary speed reducer is connected to a rotary joint assembly through a shaft coupler; a tensioning mechanism comprises an oil cylinder, a movable slide block, a crankshaft plate, a supporting plate and a fixed slide block; four guide holes of the movable slide block and the fixed slide block are coaxially matched with four guide rods in the rack to slide relatively; and two hydraulic oil cylinders in the tube push a hinge rod type tensioning mechanism to position and clamp on the inner wall of a pile tube; and a hydraulic motor pushes a central rotary joint to rotate through a multistage reduction pushing center. The hinge rod tensioning type high-pressure water cutting performing mechanism has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient in operation and strong in applicability.