The invention discloses a charging and discharging pile electric leakage fault positioning and collecting system which comprises an alternating-current ammeter, an electric quantity collecting terminal, a capacitive voltage divider and an overvoltage online detector. A power line of a charging and discharging pile connected to a power transmission line through power distribution equipment is connected with the alternating-current ammeter in series, the output end of the alternating-current ammeter is electrically connected with the input end of the electric quantity collecting terminal, the acquisition end of the capacitive voltage divider is electrically connected to the power line of the charging and discharging pile, and the output end of the capacitive voltage divider is electrically connected with the input end of the overvoltage online detector; the charging and discharging pile is connected to the power transmission line through the power distribution equipment; the alternating-current ammeter is connected to the power line of the charging and discharging pile in series; the output end of the alternating-current ammeter is electrically connected with the input end of the electric quantity collecting terminal; real-time monitoring of the charging operation state is achieved, the capacitive voltage divider is further connected to the power line of the charging and discharging pile, the output end of the capacitive voltage divider is electrically connected with the input end of the overvoltage online detector, the capacitive voltage divider is adopted for obtaining overvoltage signals, primary wiring is not changed, and safety and reliability are achieved.