The invention discloses a complex background text image extraction method and system based on multi-threshold fusion. The method comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring an original image, and acquiring a local binarization parameter according to image category information; S2, converting the original image into a grayscale image; S3, obtaining an edge-based first binary image of the grayscaleimage by using a first processing algorithm; performing local binarization processing on the grayscale image based on the local binarization parameter by using a second processing algorithm to obtaina second binary image; and S4, carrying out logic OR operation on the first binary image and the second binary image, outputting the two images, and extracting the text image. The first binary imagebased on the edge and a second binary image obtained by local binarization processing are fused, a defect that foreground characters are lost due to noise removal in the second binary image is effectively overcome, and the local binarization parameters are set according to the category of the to-be-processed image, so that the processing effect on the characters with shallow strokes is very excellent, and the quality of the binarized image is improved.