The invention belongs to the technical field of network traffic data classification, and particularly relates to a method for differentiating encrypted and unencrypted compressed traffic, which comprises the following steps of: acquiring and acquiring a network traffic data packet in a network; analyzing the data packet to obtain a payload of the network traffic data packet, and intercepting the payload with a fixed length as a sample sequence to be identified and classified; extracting a feature vector of the to-be-identified and classified sample sequence based on an entropy feature extraction algorithm; and inputting the feature vector into a pre-trained machine learning model for identification and classification, and obtaining the type of the network traffic data packet, the type of the network traffic data packet comprising encrypted traffic, unencrypted traffic and unencrypted compressed traffic.