The invention discloses a grouting sealing plug and a grouting system thereof. The grouting sealing plug is in a shape of a circular truncated cone with a large upper part and a small lower part and comprises a top plate, a circular truncated cone-shaped elastic middle body, a bottom plate and an elastic bolt, the elastic bolt penetrates through the top plate, the elastic middle body and the bottom plate, and the distance between the top plate and the bottom plate can be changed by adjusting the elastic bolt; and a grout inlet short pipe and a grout outlet short pipe which penetrate through the top plate, the elastic middle body and the bottom plate are arranged on the grouting sealing plug. According to the grouting system, the grouting sealing plug is adopted for grouting construction, unqualified or poor-quality concrete structures can be rapidly and effectively reinforced, the problems that sediment is not cleaned thoroughly, grouting is not compact and the like and does not meet the standard requirements are solved, the grouting quality is good, the construction method is simple and effective, and the construction cost is low.