The invention discloses a multifunctional cement hydration thermal regulation and control material and a preparation method thereof. The cement hydration thermal regulation and control material is a comb shaped polymer of three side chain structures, wherein the three side chain structures are respectively a carboxyl structure, a sugar alcohol group structure and a polyether structure; a polymer main chain is a carbon chain structure formed by free radical polymerization of double bonds in a double-bond compound monomer. According to the multifunctional cement hydration thermal regulation andcontrol material prepared by the preparation method, the gathering of cement hydration thermal regulation and control performance, water reduction performance and reduction performance can be realizedin the same molecule, the focused regulation and control of performance can be realized through structure regulation, and multi-ingredient compounding is not required during use so as to be more convenient. The regulation and control material disclosed by the invention is nontoxic, has water solubility, can be prepared into proper concentration and is convenient in use.