The invention discloses a fruit tree pesticide effective utilization rate evaluation method by which the defect that the difference between a traditional evaluation method and an actual deposition result is larger is overcome, and the obtained deposition rate can more effectively reflect the actual utilization effect of the fruit trees on pesticides. The method comprises the steps of measuring thetotal leaf area S and the unit weight leaf area Y of a to-be-evaluated orchard; spraying an indicator water solution to the orchard area to be detected, and calculating the total pesticide amount N;after the water on the leaves is evaporated completely, carrying out leaf sampling on the sprayed fruit trees; eluting the sampled leaves and measuring the content m3 of an indicator on the leaves; after elution, drying and weighing the sampling leaves for m2, and calculating the area S3 of the sampling leaves which is equal to m2Y and the deposition amount n of the fruit tree indicator which is equal to (m3/S3) LS2; and calculating the effective deposition rate P = n/N * 100%. According to the method, the fruit tree canopy characteristics and the leaf surface deposition amount are combined toobtain the evaluation method for the fruit tree pesticide utilization rate under different varieties and different planting modes.