The invention relates to the field of preparing trans-1, 2-dichloroethylene, in particular to a production process of trans-1, 2-dichloroethylene. The production process includes following steps: allowing acetylene and chlorine to be in catalytic reaction in an oxygen-free condition, wherein a catalyst is alkaline earth metal chloride, and reaction temperature is 80-150 DEG C. Acetylene and chlorine are used for reaction under action of the alkaline earth catalyst to generate 1, 2-dichloroethylene, the reaction is simple, acetylene and chlorine are extensive in source and cheap, and the production process is low in production cost, free of three-waste emission, safe in running and clean. Acetylene and chlorine are used as raw materials, so that atom economy is high.