The invention discloses a sea surface spilled oil recovery and in-situ concentration separation and up-to-standard discharge system, which comprises an oil skimming and underwater water pre-division module and an on-board thickening and dewatering and sewage up-to-standard discharge module. The oil skimming and underwater water pre-division module comprises a sunken vortex self-suction oil skimmerand a semi-submersible axial vortex separator; the on-board thickening and dewatering and sewage up-to-standard discharge module comprises a dewatering type axial vortex separator, a deoiling type axial vortex separator, a jet pump and a two-stage series cyclone deoiling device; and the sea surface spilled oil recovery in-situ concentration and sewage purification up-to-standard discharge systemadopting a compact pipe type separation technology and a compact type cyclone separation technology which are matched is adopted. The three types of utilized axial vortex separators are all driven bya variable frequency motor, the rotating speed of the motor is adjusted in real time according to the inlet flow, the application range to incoming liquid flow fluctuation is large, control is easy and convenient, and the boarding liquid amount is smaller than the oil skimming amount by 20%.