The invention discloses a skew bridge load test loading vehicle positioning system and method. The skew bridge load test loading vehicle positioning system comprises a measuring tape, a laser right angle ground wire instrument, a ruler, a spray paint, and vehicle arrangement control devices, wherein the measuring tape is used for measuring the length and width of a skew bridge, the laser right angle ground wire instrument is used for determining two perpendicular directions, the ruler is used for determining the positions of loading vehicles, the spray paint is used for marking the positions of the loading vehicles, the vehicle arrangement control devices are used for controlling the arrangement positions of the loading vehicles; the skew bridge load test loading vehicle positioning methodcomprises the steps that 1, the positions of the loading vehicles of a reference row are determined; 2, the positions of the loading vehicles of a remaining row are determined; 3, the vehicle arrangement control devices are mounted according to the determined positions of the loading vehicles; 4, axle load parameters of the loading vehicles are determined and inputted; 5, the loading vehicles ofthe reference row are located; and 6, the loading vehicles of the remaining row are located. According to the skew bridge load test loading vehicle positioning system and method, the vehicles of the reference row are located by using the pressure values of the vehicles, the positions of vehicles of each column are determined based on the vehicles of the reference row, the vehicles of the remainingrow are located by using row direction pressure and column straightness, and actual operability is high.