The invention discloses an efficient utilization method of dendrobium huoshanense C. Z. Tang et S. J. Cheng. The method comprises the following steps that S1, fresh dendrobium huoshanense C. Z. Tang et S. J. Cheng is classified, cleaned, placed and aired for use; S2, the drained dendrobium huoshanense C. Z. Tang et S. J. Cheng is added to deionized water for high-speed stirring to prepare a dendrobium huoshanense pulp liquid; S3, the obtained dendrobium huoshanense pulp liquid is subjected to centrifugal separation to obtain a supernatant liquid and medicine residues; S4, the obtained medicineresidues are subjected to high-temperature carbonization to prepare a carbon fiber material; S5, the obtained supernatant liquid is concentrated and subjected to vacuum freeze-drying to obtain dendrobium huoshanense lyophilized powder, and the dendrobium huoshanense lyophilized powder is further subjected to microwave dispersion for packaging. By means of the method, a low-temperature vacuum freezing method is adopted, and effective components and active substances in the dendrobium huoshanense C. Z. Tang et S. J. Cheng are effectively kept, so that the medicinal value of the dendrobium huoshanense C. Z. Tang et S. J. Cheng is fully utilized; meanwhile, the separated medicine residues are treated at high temperature to obtain biomass-based carbon fibers to serve as an electrode material or an adsorbent material, the pollution of the dendrobium huoshanense medicine residues to the environment is reduced, and a technical method for comprehensively treating the extraction residues of thedendrobium huoshanense C. Z. Tang et S. J. Cheng is developed.