The invention relates to a panoramic tunnel video monitoring device which comprises an imaging module, a synchronous triggering module, a communication module, a control processing module and a display module. The imaging module comprises a plurality of industrial cameras arranged near the tunnel vault along the driving direction and is used for continuously collecting the top view images of eachdivided interval in the tunnel; the synchronous trigger module comprises a signal generator and a signal distributor, and is used for generating a specific acquisition control signal and sending the specific acquisition control signal to each industrial camera; the communication module is connected with the imaging module and the control processing module and is used for realizing the real-time transmission of the camera configuration parameters and the acquired image data; the control processing module comprises a processor, a video image input interface, a video image output interface and amemory and is used for the imaging module configuration control and the video image receiving, panoramic splicing and storage; and the display module is connected with the video image output interfaceof the control processing module and is used for displaying the panoramic video monitoring image in the tunnel.