The invention provides a production system and a production method for producing copper sulfate by using a copper electrolysis waste liquid, wherein the production system adopts a three-effect evaporation concentration device to carry out evaporation concentration on the copper electrolysis waste liquid, the evaporation efficiency is high, the waste heat of secondary steam can be recycled, energycan be effectively saved, and consumption can be reduced; a crystallization tank, a stirring tank and a centrifuge are matched to carry out cooling crystallization and solid-liquid separation on the copper electrolysis waste liquid after evaporation concentration, and the prepared copper sulfate finished product can also be automatically weighed and packaged, so that the automation degree is high,the operation is simple, and the labor force is greatly reduced.