The invention relates to an aligning self-unlocking anti-breaking anchor cable lock for a mine. The problems that existing locks cannot be self-unlocked, are not prevented from breaking of anchor cables, cannot be self-aligned, and waste time and energy to remove anchor by using anchor removal devices are solved. The aligning self-unlocking anti-breaking anchor cable lock includes a sleeve and a lock cylinder, a stepped base is arranged on the lower side of the sleeve, an anchor cable hole is formed in the center of the stepped base, an aligning cambered surface is arranged at the outer edge of the lower end surface of the stepped base, the upper part of the stepped base is matched with a sleeve in a threaded mode, and the inner wall of the sleeve is of a conical surface structure; and a lock cylinder groove sleeves the outer side of the lock cylinder, an anti-falling ring pad is arranged between the bottom end of the sleeve and the step surface of the stepped base, lifting lugs integrated with the anti-falling ring pad are arranged on the opposite sides of the anti-falling ring pad. According to the aligning self-unlocking anti-breaking anchor cable lock for the mine, the unlocking and anchor removal functions are achieved through a wrench, an anchor removal device of an anchor cable is eliminated, the aligning function is achieved, and meanwhile, the anchor cable end is prevented from breaking and flying to hurt people, so that the efficiency of anchor removal of the anchor cable is greatly improved and the success rate of anchor removal is greatly increased.