The invention discloses an operation and maintenance system of a photovoltaic power station based on a cloud computing technology. The operation and maintenance system comprises a plurality of acquisition modules, a data transmission module, an RDS storage module, a cloud analysis module and an alarm module, wherein each acquisition module is mounted on one photovoltaic power station and is used for acquiring electric power data of the corresponding photovoltaic power supply station in real time; the data transmission module is used for transmitting the electric power data to the RDS storage module and the cloud analysis module; the RDS storage module is used for storing all power data; the cloud analysis module is used for judging whether the power data is fault data or not according to the power data verification rule; and the alarm module is used for sending an alarm signal to a corresponding terminal when it is judged that the electric power data is fault data. The technical problems that an existing operation and maintenance mode of the photovoltaic power station is low in processing efficiency and small in capacity are solved.