The invention discloses a control method, device and system for optimizing the voltage of a converter station. The method includes the following steps: obtaining the reactive power adjustable quantityof each energy storage power station; when a DC commutation failure signal is monitored, calculating the reactive power adjustment quantity according to the real-time DC operation power correspondingto the converter station; and issuing a control command to each energy storage power station according to the reactive power adjustment quantity, the reactive power adjustable quantity of each energystorage power station and a set strategy, so as to realize optimization control on the voltage of the converter station. According to the invention, the reactive power adjustment quantity is calculated according to the real-time DC power corresponding to the converter station, and the energy storage power stations are used first to adjust the reactive power, which improves the speed of voltage recovery and reduces the cost of voltage control. Furthermore, emergency control is ended by judging the degree of bus voltage recovery of the converter station, so as to reduce the probability of overvoltage after voltage recovery.