The invention discloses an aquatic automatic operating system, which includes a carrier, a power supply module and an operation module. The carrier is a floating body, a rubber protective layer is arranged on the periphery of the floating body, and a detachable keel body and a propeller for driving the floating body to move are arranged on the lower face of the floating body; the power supply module includes a solar power generation subsystem and/or a wind driven generator which are arranged on the floating body, electrical energy output by the solar power generation subsystem and/or the winddriven generator is connected with the operation module and a power input port of the propeller through a controller, and the excess electrical energy is stored in a storage battery through the controller; and the operation module is any one or any combination of water treatment equipment, environmental protection detection equipment, national defense equipment, lighting equipment and communication equipment. According to the aquatic automatic operating system, two renewable complementary energy sources of solar energy and wind energy are used for supplying power continuously and uninterruptedly, and as a floating carrier of equipment, through modular design, the water treatment equipment and water quality monitoring equipment are carried as required.