The invention discloses an initiating explosive shock simulation device. The device comprises a test board, a waveform generator and a laser emitting device; the test board comprises a filtering region, an amplifying region and an installing region; the installing region is used for installing a tested part; the amplifying region is located between the filtering region and the installing region; the waveform generator is installed in the filtering region; the laser emitting device is used for emitting laser light; and the laser light acts on the waveform generator to generate a shock response,and then the generated shock response is transmitted to the test board and the tested part. The initiating explosive shock simulation device provided by the invention is of a single-plate structure;the waveform generator is directly fixed on the test board; the initiating explosive shock simulation device has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to operate and the like; the test board comprises the filtering region, the amplifying region and the installing region; and an initiating explosive shock environment can be better simulated in combination with laser shock.