The invention discloses a DC power distribution network fault disturbance identification method based on a mutation integral product. According to the method, mutation integral operation of a mode current at two sides of a DG or a micro-power-grid in a DC power distribution network is performed during a fault transient-state period, an operation result is regarded as identification basis of line fault and power disturbance of the DC power distribution network based on the mutation direction and a product result, a disturbance identification signal is transmitted to a converter station, protective maloperation caused by power fluctuation of the DG (micro-power-gird) can be effectively avoided, and the determination of a fault occurrence section is assisted. According to the method, comparedwith non-unit protection, selectivity and reliability are further achieved, only identification information during the transient-state period needs to be transmitted, the communication traffic is small, the time delay is short, speed is further achieved compared with differential protection, and a certain application value is provided in the DC power distribution network with short lines.