The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine mining, in particular to a surrounding rock stability control method suitable for a mining main roadway of a coal mine. The method comprises the following steps: performing reinforcing support on the basis of the original support form for a top plate and two sides of the mining main roadway; cutting a safety lane on a stop line position ofa working surface according to coal mine design requirements, and supporting the safety lane, thereby forming a protective coal pillar between the safety lane and the mining main roadway; detonating acutting joint of a construction top plate in the safety lane, and forming blast holes in a lane angle line at one side of the working surface, thereby forming the pre-cracking cutting joint; and accomplishing mining operation of the working surface after the working surface extracts and is pushed to the safety lane for performing recovery of next working surface. Top-cutting pressure relief is performed on the stop line position of the working surface, so that influences, on the stability of the mining main roadway, of mining disturbance in a recovery process of the working surface are weakened; and moreover, ability of allowing the mining main roadway to deform under pressure is improved through reinforcing support, so that surrounding rock stability of the mining main roadway is furtherimproved.