The utility model discloses a transformer pressure leakage test special device and a pressure leakage test method. The special device comprises a capsule type conserver, a first pressure sensor, a pressure relief device, an air source device and a controller, wherein the oil discharge port of the capsule type conserver is used for communicating with an oil injection port of a transformer for pressure leakage test; the first pressure sensor is connected between the capsule type conserver and the transformer for detecting the pressure value of liquid in the transformer oil tank; the pressure relief device is connected to the capsule type conserver for releasing pressure outwardly when the pressure in the capsule of the capsule type conserver exceeds a second preset pressure value; the air outlet pipeline of the air source device communicates with the capsule air inlet of the capsule type conserver for supplying air and pressure to the capsule of the capsule type conserver; and the controller is in signal connection with both the air source device and the first pressure sensor and is configured to control on or off of the air source device according to the pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor. Pressure leakage test on a capsule type and a bellows type transformer can be completed, and the work intensity of maintenance personnel can also be reduced.