The invention discloses a process of ammonia-soda process co-production of a liquid ammonium chloride fertilizer and calcium carbonate. Brine is directly used as a raw material, and a series of processes comprising ammonia absorption, carbonization, calcination and ammonia distillation of lime are adopted to obtain a product sodium carbonate and an ammonia distillation waste liquid; the ammonia distillation waste liquid is evaporated and concentrated to obtain a salt-calcium liquid and waste residues; the salt-calcium liquid is evaporated to obtain sodium chloride and a calcium chloride solution; the calcium chloride solution is subjected to ammonia absorbing and carbonizing, or ammonium bicarbonate is added for reacting to obtain a product calcium carbonate and the liquid ammonium chloride fertilizer; the calcium carbonate is taken as a product or is recycled as a raw material for producing lime and carbon dioxide; and the sodium chloride is recycled as a raw material for producing sodium carbonate. The production process provided by the invention has the characteristics that theoretical yields of raw material chloride ions and sodium ions are 100%, comprehensive energy consumption is low, cost is low, calcium ions are recycled, no waste liquid is discharged and the like, and is a green and clean production process for solving problems of environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction.