The invention discloses a ratio type hydrogen sulfide fluorescent probe, a preparation method thereof, applications of the ratio type hydrogen sulfide fluorescent probe in water quality sulfide detection, and a hydrogen sulfide detection method. The structure of the ratio type hydrogen sulfide fluorescent probe is represented by formula I, wherein R1 is used for representing C2-C5 aliphatic alkyl,or nitro, or methoxyl, or halogen, or carboxyl, or acetyl. The synthesis method of the ratio type hydrogen sulfide fluorescent probe is simple; the fluorescent quantum yield is high; the ratio metering characteristic is obvious. The ratio type hydrogen sulfide fluorescent probe can be successfully used in water quality sulfide detection, and possesses excellent water quality sulfide detection performance; and excellent detection effect is achieved.