The invention relates to a method for recognizing and adjusting bulbil in precise directional ginger planting. The method includes the steps of the HSV converting stage, wherein an images of an HSV color model of ginger species is collected or an image of an other-color model of the ginger species is converted into the HSV color model and then stored in a memorizer; the color splitting stage, wherein the color splitting operation is conducted on the image, and a ginger bulbil color area in the image is kept; the image binarization stage, wherein the stored image is binarized; the corrosion operation stage, wherein corrosion operation is conducted on the binarized image; the expansion operation stage, wherein expansion operation is conducted on the corroded binarized image; the image recognition stage, wherein the position of the ginger bulbil in the image is recognized; the deviation calculation stage, wherein the angular deviation of the ginger bulbil relative to the 0-degree base line is calculated; the bulbil adjustment stage, wherein the direction of the ginger bulbil is adjusted when a stepping motor adjusting device is controlled to drive the ginger species to rotate during planting.