The invention relates to a device capable of rapidly folding filter paper. The device capable of rapidly folding the filter paper comprises a base bracket which is provided with a downwards pressing transmission structure, a concave paper folding mould, a convex paper folding mould and a reset spring; a downwards pressing handle is arranged on the base bracket; a downwards pressing rolling bearingis fixedly mounted on the downwards pressing handle; the inner ring of the downwards pressing rolling bearing is fixedly connected with the downwards pressing handle through a cylindrical pin; a downwards pressing guide rod capable of moving perpendicularly is arranged on the base bracket along a guide channel; the reset spring is mounted on the downwards pressing guide rod through the guide channel and downwards pressing guide rod limitation; and limiting devices are arranged at the parts, located at the lower end of the guide channel and at the upper end of the reset spring, of the downwards pressing guide rod. Through the professionally designed filter paper folding moulds, the finished filter paper is produced rapidly in bulk, the finished filter paper is high in quality, standardizedand normalized, the manpower and the time are saved, and the device capable of rapidly folding the filter paper has important significance in aspects of improving the detection efficiency, improvingthe detection accuracy, and the like.