The invention provides a preparation method of an environment-friendly lightweight binding type damping material, and belongs to the field of preparation of chemical products and coating. The preparation method comprises the steps of making viscoelastic damping slurry, making a viscoelastic damping layer, making binding layer slurry, and making a binding layer. According to the preparation methodprovided by the invention, an environment-friendly material is adopted to make the damping material; abnormal taste and environmental pollution caused by chemical volatilization in a vehicle are reduced; light inorganic filler is adopted; the coating quality is effectively reduced; the aim of light weight of the vehicle is achieved; in addition, the damping effect of the damping material is betterthan that of free damping; the vibration and noise reduction effect can be effectively improved; the environment-friendly lightweight binding type damping material is an ideal damping material for the vehicle.