The invention discloses a UART serial port TTL level communication bidirectional physical monitoring system. The UART serial port TTL level communication bidirectional physical monitoring system comprises a module connection unit, a bidirectional communication unit and a monitoring unit, wherein the module connection unit is used to connect a functional interface of an electricity consumption information acquisition terminal and receive communication messages between the electricity consumption information acquisition terminal and each functional module; the bidirectional communication unit comprises a TTL bidirectional monitoring circuit and a signal conversion circuit; the TTL bidirectional monitoring circuit is used for automatically switching to send a message and receiving the transmission of the message; the signal conversion circuit is used for converting a TTL level signal of the TTL bidirectional monitoring circuit into an RS232 level signal; and the monitoring unit is used for monitoring and analyzing a communication message carried by the RS232 level signal and confirming a monitoring result. According to the UART serial port TTL level communication bidirectional physical monitoring system, automatic switching of message sending and message receiving is realized through the TTL bidirectional monitoring circuit, and bidirectional monitoring of two communication parties is realized through a set of system under the condition that normal communication of the two parties is not influenced.